[docs] Move format function guide from README
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Nguyễn Gia Phong
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README.md
131
README.md
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@ -102,137 +102,6 @@ vicious.register(cpuwidget, vicious.widgets.cpu, "$1", 3)
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```
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## <a name="format-func"></a>Format functions
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You can use a function instead of a string as the format parameter.
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Then you are able to check the value returned by the widget type and
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change it or perform some action. You can change the color of the
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battery widget when it goes below a certain point, hide widgets when
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they return a certain value or maybe use `string.format` for padding.
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Do not confuse this with just coloring the widget, in those cases standard
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Pango markup can be inserted into the format string.
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The format function will get the widget as its first argument, table
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with the values otherwise inserted into the format string as its
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second argument, and will return the text/data to be used for the
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widget.
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### Examples
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#### Hide mpd widget when no song is playing
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```lua
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mpdwidget = wibox.widget.textbox()
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vicious.register(
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mpdwidget,
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vicious.widgets.mpd,
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function (widget, args)
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if args["{state}"] == "Stop" then
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return ''
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else
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return ('<span color="white">MPD:</span> %s - %s'):format(
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args["{Artist}"], args["{Title}"])
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end
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end)
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```
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#### Use string.format for padding
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```lua
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uptimewidget = wibox.widget.textbox()
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vicious.register(uptimewidget, vicious.widgets.uptime,
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function (widget, args)
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return ("Uptime: %02d %02d:%02d "):format(
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args[1], args[2], args[3])
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end, 61)
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```
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When it comes to padding it is also useful to mention how a widget can be
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configured to have a fixed width. You can set a fixed width on your textbox
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widgets by changing their `width` field (by default width is automatically
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adapted to text width). The following code forces a fixed width of 50 px to the
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uptime widget, and aligns its text to the right:
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```lua
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uptimewidget = wibox.widget.textbox()
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uptimewidget.width, uptimewidget.align = 50, "right"
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vicious.register(uptimewidget, vicious.widgets.uptime, "$1 $2:$3", 61)
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```
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#### Stacked graph
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Stacked graphs are handled specially by Vicious: `format` functions passed to
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the corresponding widget types must return an array instead of a string.
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```lua
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cpugraph = wibox.widget.graph()
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cpugraph:set_stack(true)
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cpugraph:set_stack_colors({"red", "yellow", "green", "blue"})
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vicious.register(cpugraph, vicious.widgets.cpu,
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function (widget, args)
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return {args[2], args[3], args[4], args[5]}
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end, 3)
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```
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The snipet above enables graph stacking/multigraph and plots usage of all four
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CPU cores on a single graph.
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#### Substitute widget types' symbols
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If you are not happy with default symbols used in volume, battery, cpufreq and
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other widget types, use your own symbols without any need to modify modules.
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The following example uses a custom table map to modify symbols representing
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the mixer state: on or off/mute.
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```lua
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volumewidget = wibox.widget.textbox()
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vicious.register(volumewidget, vicious.widgets.volume,
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function (widget, args)
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local label = {["♫"] = "O", ["♩"] = "M"}
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return ("Volume: %d%% State: %s"):format(
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args[1], label[args[2]])
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end, 2, "PCM")
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```
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#### <a name="call-example"></a>Get data from the widget
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`vicious.call` could be useful for naughty notification and scripts:
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```lua
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mybattery = wibox.widget.textbox()
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vicious.register(mybattery, vicious.widgets.bat, "$2%", 17, "0")
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mybattery:buttons(awful.util.table.join(
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awful.button(
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{}, 1,
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function ()
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naughty.notify{title = "Battery indicator",
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text = vicious.call(vicious.widgets.bat,
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"Remaining time: $3", "0")}
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end)))
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```
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Format functions can be used as well:
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```lua
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mybattery:buttons(awful.util.table.join(
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awful.button(
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{}, 1,
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function ()
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naughty.notify{
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title = "Battery indicator",
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text = vicious.call(
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vicious.widgets.bat,
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function (widget, args)
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return ("%s: %10sh\n%s: %14d%%\n%s: %12dW"):format(
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"Remaining time", args[3],
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"Wear level", args[4],
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"Present rate", args[5])
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end, "0")}
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end)))
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```
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## Contributing
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For details, see CONTRIBUTING.md. Vicious is licensed under GNU GPLv2+,
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@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
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.. _format-func:
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Format Functions
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================
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You can use a function instead of a string as the format parameter.
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Then you are able to check the value returned by the widget type
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and change it or perform some action. You can change the color of
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the battery widget when it goes below a certain point, hide widgets
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when they return a certain value or maybe use ``string.format`` for padding.
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Do not confuse this with just coloring the widget, in those cases
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standard Pango markup can be inserted into the format string.
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The format function will get the widget as its first argument, table with
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the values otherwise inserted into the format string as its second argument,
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and will return the text/data to be used for the widget.
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Examples
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--------
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Hide mpd widget when no song is playing
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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.. code-block:: lua
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mpdwidget = wibox.widget.textbox()
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vicious.register(
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mpdwidget,
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vicious.widgets.mpd,
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function (widget, args)
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if args["{state}"] == "Stop" then
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return ''
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else
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return ('<span color="white">MPD:</span> %s - %s'):format(
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args["{Artist}"], args["{Title}"])
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end
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end)
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Use string.format for padding
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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.. code-block:: lua
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uptimewidget = wibox.widget.textbox()
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vicious.register(uptimewidget, vicious.widgets.uptime,
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function (widget, args)
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return ("Uptime: %02d %02d:%02d "):format(
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args[1], args[2], args[3])
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end, 61)
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When it comes to padding it is also useful to mention how a widget
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can be configured to have a fixed width. You can set a fixed width on
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your textbox widgets by changing their ``width`` field (by default width
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is automatically adapted to text width). The following code forces
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a fixed width of 50 px to the uptime widget, and aligns its text to the right:
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.. code-block:: lua
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uptimewidget = wibox.widget.textbox()
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uptimewidget.width, uptimewidget.align = 50, "right"
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vicious.register(uptimewidget, vicious.widgets.uptime, "$1 $2:$3", 61)
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Stacked graph
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Stacked graphs are handled specially by Vicious: ``format`` functions passed
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to the corresponding widget types must return an array instead of a string.
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.. code-block:: lua
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cpugraph = wibox.widget.graph()
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cpugraph:set_stack(true)
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cpugraph:set_stack_colors{ "red", "yellow", "green", "blue" }
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vicious.register(cpugraph, vicious.widgets.cpu,
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function (widget, args)
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return { args[2], args[3], args[4], args[5] }
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end, 3)
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The snipet above enables graph stacking/multigraph and plots usage of all four
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CPU cores on a single graph.
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Substitute widget types' symbols
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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If you are not happy with default symbols used in volume, battery, cpufreq and
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other widget types, use your own symbols without any need to modify modules.
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The following example uses a custom table map to modify symbols representing
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the mixer state: on or off/mute.
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.. code-block:: lua
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volumewidget = wibox.widget.textbox()
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vicious.register(volumewidget, vicious.widgets.volume,
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function (widget, args)
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local label = { ["🔉"] = "O", ["🔈"] = "M" }
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return ("Volume: %d%% State: %s"):format(
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args[1], label[args[2]])
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end, 2, "PCM")
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.. _call-example:
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Get data from the widget
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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:lua:func:`vicious.call` could be useful for naughty notification and scripts:
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.. code-block:: lua
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mybattery = wibox.widget.textbox()
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vicious.register(mybattery, vicious.widgets.bat, "$2%", 17, "0")
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mybattery:buttons(awful.util.table.join(awful.button(
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{}, 1,
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function ()
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naughty.notify{ title = "Battery indicator",
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text = vicious.call(vicious.widgets.bat,
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"Remaining time: $3", "0") }
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end)))
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Format functions can be used as well:
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.. code-block:: lua
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mybattery:buttons(awful.util.table.join(awful.button(
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{}, 1,
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function ()
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naughty.notify{
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title = "Battery indicator",
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text = vicious.call(
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vicious.widgets.bat,
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function (widget, args)
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return ("%s: %10sh\n%s: %14d%%\n%s: %12dW"):format(
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"Remaining time", args[3],
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"Wear level", args[4],
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"Present rate", args[5])
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end, "0") }
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end)))
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@ -16,12 +16,13 @@ Table of Contents
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-----------------
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.. toctree::
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:maxdepth: 2
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:titlesonly:
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usage-lua
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usage-awesome
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widgets
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custom
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format
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caching
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security
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copying
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@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ call ``vicious.register`` to register it with Vicious:
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to retrieve data from an integer-indexed table (a.k.a. array);
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``${foo bar}`` will be substituted by ``t["{foo bar}"]``.
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* ``function (widget, args)`` can be used to manipulate data returned
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by the widget type (see [Format functions](#format-func)).
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by the widget type (see :ref:`format-func`).
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:param interval: number of seconds between updates of the widget
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(default: 2). See :ref:`caching` for more information.
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@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ vicious.call
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.. lua:function:: vicious.call(wtype, format, warg)
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Fetch data from the widget type to use it outside of the widget
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([example](#call-example)).
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(:ref:`example <call-example>`).
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:param wtype:
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either of
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@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ vicious.call
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to retrieve data from an integer-indexed table (a.k.a. array);
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``${foo bar}`` will be substituted by ``t["{foo bar}"]``.
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* ``function (widget, args)`` can be used to manipulate data returned
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by the widget type (see [Format functions](#format-func)).
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by the widget type (see :ref:`format-func`).
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:param warg: arguments to be passed to widget types, e.g. the battery ID.
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